Abstract
Integration of distributed generations that fluctuate widely (such as Photovoltaic panels, Wind power, Electric Vehicles and Energy Storage Systems), poses a chance to the stability of power technology and distribution structures. However, the primary reason is that the electricity ratio between supply and demand may not be balanced. An extra or scarcity inside the production or intake of electricity can disrupt the system and cause critical problems which include a drop/rise in voltage and, under difficult conditions, power outages. The use of Energy Management Systems can effectively increase the balance between supply and demand and decrease peak load throughout unplanned durations. The energy management system is capable of not only sharing or exchanging energy between the different energy resources available, but also of economically supplying loads in a reliable, safe and effective manner under all conditions necessary for the operation of the power grid. This work outlines the structure, goals, benefits and defies of the energy control system via an in-intensity analysis of the distinctive stakeholders and participants engaged on this system. A detailed essential analysis of the functioning of distinct programs which includes Demand Response, Demand Management and Energy Quality Management implemented inside the electricity management gadget is presented in this review. It also summarizes quantifications of the various strategies of uncertainty. It includes as well a comparative and an important assessment of the primary optimization techniques which are used to obtain the extraordinary goals of energy management structures while at the same time meeting a wide range of requirements.
Highlights
Since CO2 emissions are the main cause of global warming, the best way to tackle it is to focus on the sectors that have contributed most to these emissions, namely transport and power generation
Energy management reduces the cost of electricity by approximately 20–30%, which is remarkable and beneficial in the long term
It addresses the different uncertainties related to the many loads and sources in Smart grid (SG) with effective methods to deal with them, power quality management, Demand Side Management (DSM), active demand response (DR), and optimization solution approaches used in energy management to meet the objectives desired within all constraints
Summary
Since CO2 emissions are the main cause of global warming, the best way to tackle it is to focus on the sectors that have contributed most to these emissions, namely transport and power generation. Energy management in the Smart Grid (SG) ensures that the stability between supply and demand is maintained, while respecting all system constraints for economical, reliable and safe operation of the electrical system It includes optimization, which ensures a reduction in the cost of power generation. Quantification methods and other programs implemented in an EMS such as DR, DSM and PQM are discussed New technologies such as PEV, the integration of RES, Demand Side Management (DSM), energy storage facilities and DG sources characterize the emerging power system. Power Quality Management (PQM) can be defined as a process that provides solutions for minimizing impacts of internal and external disturbances/events which may affect a specific facility or process in terms of operating time or performance It covers two categories of disturbances: variations and events.[49] While variations are evaluated and measured continuously, events generally occur unpredictably and require a tripping action for measurement. DR activations can last from a few minutes to a couple hours according to DR program, and can include
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