Abstract
In this study, the energy management and switching control of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in a hybrid smart micro-grid system was designed. The charging station in this research consists of real market PHEVs of different companies with different sizes. The rate of charging of PHEVs is managed via switching control to receive maximum benefits from renewable energy sources and reduce the consumption of electricity from the grid. To support the optimum utilization of sustainable power, charging time and network stability, seven scenarios were developed for different interaction among the proposed micro-grid system and PHEVs. The proposed hybrid smart micro-grid system consists of three renewable energy sources: photovoltaic (PV) array controlled via an intelligent fuzzy control maximum power point subsystem, a fuel cell stack and a microturbine set controlled by proportional integral differential/proportional integral subsystems. A hybrid energy storage system (super-capacitor, battery storage bank and hydrogen) and residential load are also included in the proposed architecture. The hybrid smart micro-grid system is checked in terms of voltage regulation, frequency deviation and total harmonic distortion (THD). It was found that these are in limits according to the international standards. The simulations verify the feasibility of the proposed system and fulfill the requirement of vehicle-to-grid and grid-to-vehicle operations in a smart grid environment.
Highlights
Due to environmental concerns, depletion of fossil fuels, and advances in battery storage system, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have received a great amount of attention in the transportation sector [1,2]
Each PHEV and Battery Storage System (BSS) must have an autonomous buck-boost converter fitted in each charge point in the proposed Charging Station (CS)
The penetration of PHEVs in the transportation sector can cause a burden on the distribution systems, especially when many PHEVs are connected to the grid at peak-hours
Summary
Depletion of fossil fuels, and advances in battery storage system, PHEVs have received a great amount of attention in the transportation sector [1,2]. None of the papers reviewed provide an intelligent control, power electronics interface and power management of PHEVs in smart micro-grid system, where the primary energy source is controlled efficiently. None of those reviewed studies consider the real weather characteristics, but many researchers have developed charging station using virtual generated weather patterns. This paper intends a proper power management for different PHEV models in a hybrid smart micro-grid system where the required power for the PHEVs charging is smartly managed from solar, hydrogen energy (fuel cell), natural gas (micro-turbine), SC, battery and grid.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
