Abstract
Laws governing flow in open and ice-covered river flows are investigated. The dimensionless Darcy – Weisnbach coefficient is used to evaluate the hydraulic resistance of channel flow. A shape factor is introduced for the cross section of a channel flow, which makes it possible to account for the complex shape of the channel in analyzing hydraulic resistance. A relationship derived to show the dependence of resistance on Reynolds number is used to evaluate the ratio of energy losses during viscous dissipation to the total energy of the flow. Results of calculations based on mock-up formulas are compared with results obtained for flows in rivers and flumes.
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