Abstract
The objective of this manuscript is to analyze relation involving the energy sector and socioeco-nomic growth and, then, contextualize the process of energy integration within the development policies in South America. The methodology considers data related to the world’s economy and energy consumption and energy integration policy in countries and regions; and, South America’s energy potential and the energy integration process. Results show that despite the political and institutional difficulties involving the process, energy integration can bring a lot of benefits for countries development. The process of energy integration in South America is divided in three moments, but in both periods the transnational energy projects were restricted, mostly, by a bi-lateral plan and the creation of physical links in a region. In the 21th century’s context, it should be noted Brazil’s participation which has been consolidated as a lead country in this process, and, also the IIRSA (Initiative for the Integration of Regional Infrastructure in South America, nowadays renamed as COSIPLAN) like the main initiative in energy integration in the continent, in a context where the projects are no longer limited to traditional economic blocs. Finally, we note a lack of consensus in defining a comprehensive model of integration and solving asymmetries both within countries and between them.
Highlights
Despite the economic integration process arising in Europe, the related dis-How to cite this paper: Udaeta, M.E.M., Reis, A.G., Grimoni, J.A.B. and Abreu Junior, A.C. (2015) Energy Integration in South America Region and the Energy Sustainability of the Nations
From the second half of the 20th century, some economic integration mechanisms have been developed in the South-American region such as the creation of the Andean Community of Nations (CAN), the Southern Common Market (Mercosur) and the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), plus some bilateral initiatives geared to the use of shared energy resources or trade them
Century has noticed a significant increase in the number of energy projects in South America, largely associated with the Initiative for the Integration of Regional Infrastructure in South America (IIRSA), the resulting economic growth in the region and, the increase of demand energy
Summary
Despite the economic integration process arising in Europe (including the energy integration), the related dis-. By enabling the large-scale production and fast shipping of goods, the Industrial Revolution spurred the development of capitalism, the economic development of industrialized nations This process resulted in the gradual increase in world energy demand (especially in developed countries) and, for new sources and ways to harness and convert energy. The same studies show that the OECD countries have, on average, an annual growth of primary energy demand of 0.1% (and in some cases, like Japan, rates are negative), while China and India have an annual increase of over 2.0%. These two countries are those that contribute most to the increase in global energy consumption. It will be creating a great contradiction, since above all, energy production is primarily intended to provide the satisfaction of human needs
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