Abstract
The main aim of the research is to evaluate the innovativeness of Polish municipalities in the field of energy. The study was carried out as a part of the First National Competition for the Most Innovative Local Government in Poland, taking into account the original method of assessing the innovativeness of local governments. From all over Poland, 30 communes participated in the research: 14 urban communes, 8 rural communes, and 8 urban–rural communes. The study analyzes the activities of municipalities in the field of energy-related construction and transport innovations and inventories innovative social campaigns in the area of climate and energy policy implementation. The second part of the article presents a case study of innovations recognized as exemplary. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that 50% of the surveyed local governments are innovative and the remaining are moderately innovative. No commune has been assigned to the non-innovative category. In terms of the type and size of the local government, it has been observed that smaller municipalities, mainly rural local governments, allocate much higher financial resources per capita to the implementation of modern solutions in the field of climate and energy policy implementation. In some cases, commune heads spend several times higher funds per capita than mayors and city presidents. The use of the developed innovation research method in practice may motivate local government authorities to increase innovative activities for energy transformation.
Highlights
Natural disasters and ecological catastrophes are derivatives of unfavorable climate changes caused by human activity
It is at the local level that projects are implemented that are directly aimed at the society as well as the economic entities located in these areas [62]
In the United States, individual local governments mainly invest in innovative methods of obtaining green energy, thanks to which some cities or regions buy or produce even more than 100% of the energy they need that comes from renewable sources
Summary
Natural disasters and ecological catastrophes are derivatives of unfavorable climate changes caused by human activity. Many initiatives are taken to effectively contribute to limiting this unfavorable phenomenon and, above all, to change the climate and energy policy. One of such initiatives is the cyclical Conference of the Parties to the UN Convention (COP26) on climate change, which has been organized for the last 30 years. At this conference, the leaders of all countries of the world meet to intensify global efforts to solve the climate crisis. During the last edition of COP26, which took place from 31 October to 13 November 2021, in Glasgow, the following initiatives were established:
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