Abstract
Piezoelectret films are prepared by modification of the microstructure of polypropylene foam sheets cross-linked by electronic irradiation (IXPP), followed by proper corona charging. Young’s modulus, relative permittivity, and electromechanical coupling coefficient of the fabricated films, determined by dielectric resonance spectra, are about 0.7 MPa, 1.6, and 0.08, respectively. Dynamic piezoelectric d33 coefficients up to 650 pC/N at 200 Hz are achieved. The figure of merit (FOM, d33 ⋅ g33) for a more typical d33 value of 400 pC/N is about 11.2 GPa−1. Vibration-based energy harvesting with one-layer and two-layer stacks of these films is investigated at various frequencies and load resistances. At an optimum load resistance of 9 MΩ and a resonance frequency of 800 Hz, a maximum output power of 120 μW, referred to the acceleration g due to gravity, is obtained for an energy harvester consisting of a one-layer IXPP film with an area of 3.14 cm2 and a seismic mass of 33.7 g. The output power can be further improved by using two-layer stacks of IXPP films in electric series. IXPP energy harvesters could be used to energize low-power electronic devices, such as wireless sensors and LED lights.
Highlights
Energy harvesting, otherwise known as power harvesting or energy scavenging, is the process by which ambient energy is captured and converted into electricity to be used in small autonomous devices for making them self-sufficient
Piezoelectret films are prepared by modification of the microstructure of polypropylene foam sheets cross-linked by electronic irradiation (IXPP), followed by proper corona charging
At an optimum load resistance of 9 MΩ and a resonance frequency of 800 Hz, a maximum output power of 120 μW, referred to the acceleration g due to gravity, is obtained for an energy harvester consisting of a one-layer IXPP film with an area of 3.14 cm[2] and a seismic mass of 33.7 g
Summary
Otherwise known as power harvesting or energy scavenging, is the process by which ambient energy is captured and converted into electricity to be used in small autonomous devices for making them self-sufficient. These devices could be nodes in sensor networks, embedded structural health monitors, implanted biological electronic devices, e.t.c.1–3. III), namely about 8 GPa−1 for PP compared with about 0.009 GPa−1 for PVDF This suggests that piezoelectrets are promising candidates in energy harvesters. Energy harvesting from vibration with single layer and two-layer stacks of IXPP piezoelectret films in the {3-3} mode is discussed and results obtained at various frequencies and load resistances are reported
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