Abstract
We consider an energy harvesting for cooperative wireless sensor networks with a nonlinear power consumption model. The information transmission from the source node to the destination node is assumed to occur via several clusters of decode-and-forward relay nodes. We assume that all the source and relay nodes have the ability to harvest energy from the environment and use that harvested energy to transmit and forward the information to the next hop. Under such assumption, the objective of our design is to improve the total throughput of the end-to-end link over a number of transmission blocks subject to constraints on energy causality, battery overflow, and time duration for energy harvesting. The optimization problem is found to be a nonconvex maximin fractional program, which is difficult to solve in general. We present an efficient iterative algorithm to solve the optimization problem. Specifically, by introducing novel transformations, we apply an approximate convex technique to obtain a convex problem at each iteration. We then propose an iterative power allocation algorithm which converges to a locally optimal solution at a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker point. Numerical results are provided to evaluate the proposed scheme.
Highlights
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is basically made up of a large number of various sensor nodes that typically spread over a large geographical area
Energy consumption is a challenging issue in the design of a WSN, since each sensor node is often equipped with small battery and it is hard to replace due to cost consideration
We propose the use of energy harvesting for a cooperative WSN with nonlinear power consumption model
Summary
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is basically made up of a large number of various sensor nodes that typically spread over a large geographical area. In [17], for instance, an optimal scheduling was proposed in a network of multiple relays, and joint energy harvesting and beamforming schemes were considered. A closely related system model is studied in [14], where the authors proposed a wireless energy harvesting model for a cognitive WSN in the presence of cluster-based decode-and-forward relays and maximized the throughput of the end-to-end link in a single transmission block. We propose the use of energy harvesting for a cooperative WSN with nonlinear power consumption model. The objective of our design is to maximize the total throughput of the network over N transmission blocks by incorporating optimal power allocation and time scheduling for energy harvesting.
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