Abstract
This study aims to uncover the program of energy independence in Indonesia villages by the government for several decades. as a development program phenomenon of energy use and the development of its sources in the developing villages in Indonesia. The areas selected for observation are four rural areas outside Java, namely the state of Central Sulawesi, West Kalimantan, Halmahera, and East Nusa Tenggara. Interview results show that not all villagers understand energy term and there are still rural areas that do not have access to energy sources. Using discourse analysis as a qualitative method and Amartya Sen's theory of development as a freedom, this study shows that energy development still unequal in Indonesia Villages. Development as an extension of human freedom requires a more comprehensive goal. This study recommends that development plans must focus on the main rights of citizens to survive and have reason to live. Villagers have the right to obtain facilities and resources equal to those of urban residents, especially in energy access equity, and to live in prosperity.
Highlights
The disparity of energy has become one of the biggest problems in various developing countries
At the end of 2017, the national electrification ratio had reached 95.35% with only two provinces remaining with electrification ratio below 70%, namely
Discourse analysis using interviews is used as a research method
Summary
The disparity of energy has become one of the biggest problems in various developing countries. Energy in the form of electricity, gas, the internet, and so on is essential for sustaining people’s lives. The gap in access-to-energy, especially in rural areas outside Java, has led to uneven development outcomes. The data on national electrification show this problem. Of electricity is the top priority in the government’s development agenda to reduce the energy gap. In the 2015-2019 RPJMN and the 2015-2019 Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) Strategic Plan, the electrification rate for the end of 2019 was targeted to be at 97%. At the end of 2017, the national electrification ratio had reached 95.35% with only two provinces remaining with electrification ratio below 70%, namely
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