Energy Efficient Utilization in IEEE 802.15.4 based WDSN with Grid Structured Clusters using Adaptive Clustering Technique and EA-STR

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The foremost requisite in the IEEE 802.15.4 based WDSN is to utilize the energy efficiently among the mobile sensor nodes since they are limited in their battery resource. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In order to utilize the energy effectively, the nodes are organized as clusters (fixed or adaptive clusters). Hence in this paper, adaptive clustering technique is adapted for IEEE 802.15.4 based WDSN which enables the nodes to change their association with different clusters over time. This enhances the nodes independency besides the conservation of energy. It further utilizes EA-STR protocol for routing the information from the member node to the cluster head. Findings: In the proposed technique, the clusters in the IEEE 802.15.4 based WDSN are organized in the structure of the grid and the nodes utilize the column mobility model to create mobile scenario. Further, the proposed methodology is analyzed through performance metrics such as average residual energy, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and delay by varying the number of clusters from one to five, data rate from 50 kbps to 250 kbps and range from 45m to 125m. The simulation results portray that the proposed methodology with adaptive clustering and EA-STR achieves enhanced average residual energy, PDR and reduced delay thereby surpassing the performance of network with non- adaptive clustering and EA-STR. Improvements/Applications: In future, the proposed model can be extended by incorporating different deployment techniques and mobility models.