Energy Efficient Threshold Based Cluster Head Selection and Optimized Routing in LEACH

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Network has become a leading area of research because of its efficiency in design. A sensor is a small equipment that senses input from both the physical or environmental conditions, like pressure, heat, light, etc., and then respond to that input. The core problem faced by the WSN is high energy consumption. This will decrease the overall network lifetime. To overcome these problems, we introduce a new energy efficient threshold based routing protocol (ET-LEACH) for the wireless sensor network. This protocol is an improvement for LEACH protocol. Routing must be performed in an energy efficient manner, dynamic routing is preferred for proposed protocol. We group sensor nodes into different clusters and cluster head election is based on the node’s residual energy and a threshold value. Comparing node’s energy with a threshold value, re-election of cluster head takes place. The sensed information is send through the cluster head and reach the base station. In wireless sensor network most important is its network lifetime, this paper proposes a new strategy to increase the network lifetime and scalability. Also, it maintains a balanced energy consumption that causes efficient load balancing.