Abstract
The current trend has seen the data capacity and traffic density increase due to the increased demand for multimedia services. Since this cannot be handled successfully by the current 4G networks, there is a need to integrate the mmWave and the Device-to-Device (D2D) communication 5G technologies to meet this increased demand and traffic density. However, there is the challenge of increased interference between dense D2D users and cellular users if D2D users are allowed to reuse the resources allocated to cellular users. This degrades the performance of the D2D users in terms of achievable data rate and Energy Efficiency (EE). The paper formulates a match theoretic resource allocation scheme to maximize the achievable D2D sum rate. In addition, an EE optimization problem is formulated for D2D users by considering the rate and power constraints. The EE optimization problem is solved by the Lagrangian dual decomposition method. The algorithms were simulated in MATLAB and the results were compared to Hungarian and heuristic optimization algorithms. The results showed that the match theoretic resource allocation is on average 1.82 times better than the Hungarian algorithm. At the same time, the match theoretic resource allocation algorithm increases fairness in resource allocation as it maintains a higher sum rate for low and high-density number of users. The proposed EE optimization algorithm improved the D2D performance by 8.2% compared to the heuristic algorithm.
Highlights
Mobile data traffic has been projected to rise over the 10 years with the number of devices connected to each other and with the cloud reaching 50 billion
There are ࣨ Resource Blocks (RBs) allocated to Cellular Users (CUs) and D2D users (DUs) denoted as ݊௦, where a cellular user ݇ ∈ ࣥ can transmit with a resource block ݊ ∈ ܰ at a transmit power , with the transmit power www.etasr.com constraint given as ∑∈ே ,௦ ≤ , where is the transmit power threshold for the cellular device and ܿ denotes a cellular device
The energy consumption of the D2D user pairs which consists of the radiated transmission power and the circuit power was determined for maximization of the energy efficiency
Summary
Mobile data traffic has been projected to rise over the 10 years with the number of devices connected to each other and with the cloud reaching 50 billion This exponential growth in the number of devices brings the challenge of managing the increased capacity required for multimedia communications. Despite these shortcomings, the implementation of the 5G technology can enhance coverage, energy efficiency and spectrum usage [1, 2]. The implementation of the 5G technology can enhance coverage, energy efficiency and spectrum usage [1, 2] This challenge can be solved by deploying Device-to-Device (D2D) communications which allow proximity users to share content directly without going through the Base Stations (BSs). Ombongi et al.: Energy Efficient Resource Allocation in Millimeter-Wave D2D Enabled 5G Cellular
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