Abstract
A major challenge in wireless sensor networks research is energy efficiency. In the intermittent receiver-driven data transmission (IRDT) protocol, which aims at saving energy, communication between two nodes commences when multiple receiver nodes transmit their own IDs and the sender nodes receive them. This protocol can be used to construct a mesh network which is robust against node failure and wireless channel fluctuations. In our work, we improve this protocol by implementing a collision avoidance method for control packets. First, we refer to the probability of control packet collision as a function of the intermittent interval. We then introduce procedures to determine the interval which decreases or minimizes this probability. Afterwards, we include a data aggregation mechanism into IRDT to reduce data transmission frequency and the occurrence of control packet collisions. Through computer simulation, we show that IRDT can offer greater reduction of the average energy consumption compared with RI-MAC and X-MAC, especially at small loads, and we also demonstrate that IRDT with collision avoidance for control packets can attain higher performance than the original IRDT. This method ensures a packet collection ratio of more than 99% and an average energy consumption 38% lower than that of EA-ALPL and 90% lower than that of the original IRDT.
Highlights
Due to advances in wireless and micro-electromechanical (MEMS) technologies, extremely small sensor nodes featuring wireless communication facilities have been developed, and as a result wireless sensor networks have received considerable attention
We investigated the relation between control packet collisions and the intermittent interval and examined the efficacy of two simple settings of the intermittent interval and data aggregation in a comparison between intermittent receiver-driven data transmission (IRDT), RI-media access control (MAC), and X-MAC, which is a sender-driven asynchronous system, by constructing a computer simulation
A reduction of 33% in the average energy consumption was achieved with IRDT as compared with receiver-driven MAC protocol (RI-MAC) and X-MAC
Summary
Due to advances in wireless and micro-electromechanical (MEMS) technologies, extremely small sensor nodes featuring wireless communication facilities have been developed, and as a result wireless sensor networks have received considerable attention. There are a number of restrictions in this protocol; for example, when the intermittent interval is comparatively long, each sender node occupies the channel for a long period of time while transmitting preamble packets. This occupation of the channel interferes with the communication between neighboring nodes. IRDT addresses some of the restrictions of LPL; for example, it does not occupy the channel when the intermittent interval is long, and it can select a neighboring node as a receiver node from multiple neighbors, which can be used for constructing a mesh network at the MAC layer.
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