Energy Efficient Node Deployment Technique for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network based Object Detection

Abstract

Lifetime of the network and the quality of operation are the two important issues in a wireless sensor network system meant for object detection and tracking application. At the same time, there should be a tradeoff between network cost and the quality of operation as high cost of the network limits its real-time usability. Heterogeneous wireless sensor networks promises the prolonged network lifetime as well as enhances network reliability as they contain a mixture of nodes with different characteristics. Further prolongation of network lifetime can be achieved by managing the available node energy in a proper way, i.e, by minimizing number of communication, minimizing node density, minimizing overhead information generated during operation etc. Proper node deployment scheme not only helps to enhance the lifetime of the network but also helps in reducing deployment cost while maintaining the quality of operation in terms of object detection accuracy. This paper focuses on the energy efficient node deployment in heterogeneous wireless sensor network system with the features of maximum network coverage, optimum node density and optimum network cost. This paper proposes a novel energy efficient node deployment algorithm that determines the number of static and mobile nodes required for deployment and then relocates the mobile nodes to cover up the coverage hole using 8-neighbourhood and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with corresponding model of Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA) and PSO based node deployment and it is seen that the proposed model outperforms better in comparison to them.