Energy-efficient mobile sink data collection in wireless sensor networks using LEACH with rendezvous nodes

Abstract

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), energy consumption management poses a formidable challenge due to the energy-intensive nature of data transmission and processing. WSNs consist of densely deployed sensor nodes, and data collection is carried out by cluster heads. To address the issue of transmitting data to the mobile sink (MS) and extend the network's lifetime, rendezvous nodes(RNs) are utilized. However, existing approaches have not sufficiently improved network longevity. To tackle this problem, a novel protocol called Energy Efficient Mobile Sink Data Collection (EEMSDC) is proposed. This protocol aims to balance energy usage, prevent sensor node overload, and facilitate data delivery to the MS through RNs. The proposed approach optimizes the MS's tour in WSNs by employing predetermined TDMA slots for efficient data transmission with RNs. The proposed protocol outperforms existing protocols such as LEACH, EAMMH, LEACH-C, MOD-LEACH, MGEAR, and TDEEC in terms of network lifetime, energy consumption, and data loss. By reducing network overhead and ensuring balanced energy consumption among sensor nodes, the proposed approach significantly extends the network's lifetime. The effectiveness of the proposed protocol is validated through mathematical analysis and simulations conducted using MATLAB 2021a. The simulations show a remarkable reduction in energy consumption by up to 68% and an impressive increase in network lifetime by 73% compared to LEACH. These findings underscore the substantial advantages of the proposed approach in enhancing the performance of WSNs.