Energy Efficient Management of Pipelines in Buildings Using Linear Wireless Sensor Networks.

Ashish Khanna,Victor de Albuquerque,Joel Rodrigues,Abhishek Swaroop,Chiranjeev Kumar,Plácido Pinheiro,Sudeep Varshney,Deepak Gupta

doi:10.3390/s18082618

Abstract

The efficient and safe management of air conditioner (AC), Piped Natural Gas (PNG) and water pipelines in large buildings is a major challenge for the safety of these buildings. In recent years, Linear Wireless Sensor Networks (LWSN) are being used extensively for monitoring of long natural gas, water, and oil pipelines. LWSNs can also be used for efficient and safe management of AC, PNG and water pipelines in large buildings. In this paper, a scheme for optimal placement of sensors and base stations in a linear fashion to monitor the various pipelines used in large buildings has been proposed. The proposed scheme utilizes the Lion Optimization Algorithm (LOA) and has been compared with three strategies, namely Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Greedy Approach with respect to throughput, lifetime and end-to-end delay. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme exhibits better performance in comparison to the other three considered techniques for all the three parameters. The most striking feature of the proposed approach is that optimization is more effective when the length of the pipeline is more as far as end-to-end delay is concerned. The lifetime of the network is significantly improved using the proposed approach, especially when the length of the pipeline is of medium size, which makes the proposed scheme suitable for energy efficient buildings.

Highlights

In recent years, the reduction in the cost of sensor nodes has opened various new areas where Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can be used
We consider a straight section of pipeline (AC/water/gas/oil) which is enclosed with two stations, one at each end of the section of the pipeline
The paper presents an algorithm to set up a network of straight pipeline segments crossing each other and efficient deployment of sensor nodes by using the Lion Optimization Algorithm

Summary

Introduction

The reduction in the cost of sensor nodes has opened various new areas where Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can be used. In [24], Guo et al presented a greedy approach-based technique for optimal sensor placement in an oil pipeline Their main objective was to maximize the lifetime of the linear sensor network. Kaur-Mahajan [26] used hybrid meta-heuristic techniques to design energy efficient protocols for WSNs. Rabei et al [27], used nature-inspired techniques for node placement and lifetime optimization of a Linear Wireless Sensor Network used in monitoring of oil pipelines. Considering the nature of pipelines inside a large building, LOA seems to be a good strategy for effective and efficient pipeline management inside a large smart building using LOA has approach for optimizing nodes placement. Major contributions of the paper are as follows: strategy forThe effective and efficient pipeline management inside a large smart building using LOA has been proposed.

Problem Statement

Proposed Solution

Lion Optimization Algorithm

Fitness Function for Node Deployment

Performance Evaluation and Result Analysis

Comparison

Findings

Conclusions