Energy Efficient Homogeneous and Heterogeneous System for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs), it is an important task to periodically collect data from an area of interest for time-sensitive applications. The Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a type of the wireless ad-hoc networks. It consisting of a large number of sensors is effective for gathering data in a variety of environments. The sensed data must be gathered and transmitted to a base station for further processing to meet the end-user queries. Since the sensors operate on battery of limited power, it is a great challenging aim to design an energy efficient routing protocol, which can minimize the delay while offering high- energy efficiency and long span of network lifetime. In this paper, we first completely analyzes the basic distributed clustering routing protocol LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy), which is a homogeneous system then proposed a new routing protocol and data aggregation method in Leach- heterogeneous system which the sensor nodes form the cluster and the cluster-head elected based on the residual energy of the individual node calculation with re-clustering scheme is adopted in each cluster of the WSNs. In the Leach-Heterogeneous system the energy efficiency is increased near to 40% than Leach- Homogeneous system and lifetime of the networks also increased. Simulation results using MATLAB are shows that the proposed Leach- heterogeneous system significantly reduces energy consumption and increase the total lifetime of the wireless sensor network compared to the homogeneous LEACH protocol.