Abstract
Wireless sensor networks are self-organizing systems with resource-constraints that are often deployed in inhospitable and inaccessible environments in order to gather data about some phenomenon in the outside world. For most sensor network applications, point-to-point reliability is not the main objective (Paradis & Qi, 2007); Instead, reliable delivery of the interesting event to the server has to be guaranteed (may be with a certain probability). The communication in such networks is unpredictable and failure-prone, even more so than in regular wireless ad hoc networks. Hence, it is vital to provide fault tolerant techniques for distributed applications in sensor network. Several approaches have been proposed in many recent studies to address the fault tolerance issue in application, transport and/or routing layers. In this paper, we propose a slight modification of the conventional routing (destination, next hop) by introducing the second hop information in the route construction phase in order to use it in case of node/link failure (skip only the failed link). Furthermore, the implementation of this proposed routing technique stabilizes the throughput, reduces the average jitter, provides low control overhead and decreases the energy consumption of the network. As a result, the reliability, availability, energy-efficiency and maintainability of the network are achieved.
Highlights
WSN are a modern emerging technology that rises from the advancement in many technological fields including: micro-sensing, processing, integrated circuits, and wireless communication as well as cost reduction of processing and memory elements
We propose a slight modification of the conventional routing by introducing the second hop information in the route construction phase in order to use it in case of node/link failure
Since the sensor nodes are prone to failure, fault tolerance should be seriously considered in the sensor network applications
Summary
WSN are a modern emerging technology that rises from the advancement in many technological fields including: micro-sensing, processing, integrated circuits, and wireless communication as well as cost reduction of processing and memory elements. The wireless multi-hop communication characteristic, enable sensor nodes to build a reactive systems which is able to monitor and react to physical events/phenomena. In addition to the constraints of resource limitation, sensor networks are failure-prone (Paradis & Qi, 2007). The communication in sensor networks has a multi-hop nature, which worse each of the above fault scenarios. In the most of time, data takes a bunch of hops to be delivered from a node to the sink; a single failure of node or link may isolate greater region of the sensor network. Fault tolerance is as critical as other performance metrics such as energy efficiency, latency and accuracy in supporting distributed sensor applications. Since the sensor nodes are prone to failure, fault tolerance should be seriously considered in the sensor network applications.
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