Energy Efficient Control Strategies in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Abstract

ABSTRACT Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have received tremendous attention in recent years because of the development of sensor devices, as well as wireless communication technologies. It is usually randomly deployed in inaccessible terrains, disaster areas, or polluted environments, where battery replacement or recharge is difficult or even impossible to be performed. For this reason, network lifetime is of crucial importance to a WSN. In this article we present a survey of various energy efficient techniques in a heterogeneous wireless sensor network .We first outline the basic network radio model and how this model can be used to study various trades off between network deployment costs, clustering approach in terms of energy efficiency. We also high lights some energy efficient protocols that can be used in heterogeneous networks. Keywords: Heterogeneous protocols, Network life time, Cost, Energy conservation 1. INTRODUCTION In a WSN, sensor nodes are typically operated by batteries, which are limited in energy capacity, and difficult or even impossible to be replaced or recharged. For this reason, power control is needed to efficiently make use of the limited energy resources in order to minimize the energy consumed by the sensor nodes and thus prolong network lifetime. For this purpose, energy efficiency must be considered in every aspect of network design and operation, not only for individual sensor nodes, but also for the communication of the entire network. Energy efficiency and power control are the basic guarantee of the network performance, for example, throughput and delay. In this article we present a survey of protocols and scheme used in heterogeneous networks .Our aim is to provide a better understanding of the current issues in this emerging field for energy conservation.