Abstract
Long range radio access (LoRa) is supposed to be a promising low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technique for the massive Internet-of-Things (mIoT) applications. It can support up to six end devices (EDs) to transmit concurrently in the same frequency band by utilizing the orthogonality feature of LoRa signals. However, this is far from to meet the requirement of mIoT to access massive EDs simultaneously into the network. Thus this paper develops an energy-efficient adaptive virtual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission scheme to further facilitate parallel transmissions in LoRa uplink systems. We formulate the problem to maximize the energy efficiency (EE) of the system with the consideration of transmission parameters and schemes selection. To solve the problem, we propose to first adaptively select the transmission schemes for EDs according to their transmission conditions and then optimize the EE of the system. Simulation evaluation has demonstrated that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the system performance.
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