Energy efficient 3D printed buildings: Material and techniques selection worldwide study

Abstract

Additive manufacturing is one of the modern techniques that are emerging in the industry of building construction. It is characterized by being fast, low cost, and an environmentally friendly building process. This work investigates and develops energy efficient and low-cost residential units that can be implemented around the world through a green and sustainable criterion for choices. Distinct printable wall configurations with different materials were designed to reduce the U-values of the painted walls in compliance with climatic zone regulations. The simulation resulted in a minimum thermal transmittance value of 0.15 W/m2.K. Results show that a balance between cavities and 3D printed material should be maintained to achieve the desired U-values and structural performance. To achieve that balance, multiple rows of configurations were introduced in the search of best results. Finally, to study the effect of climatic conditions on the 3D printed built environment, annual energy demand was estimated for each climatic zone.