Energy Efficiency Optimization in Full-Duplex User-Aided Cooperative SWIPT NOMA Systems

Abstract

A novel cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) strategy is proposed, where a full-duplex cell-center user acts as a friendly relay to help a cell-edge user. An advanced energy harvesting technology based on simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) is used at the cell-center user to harvest energy used at the cooperative stage. We propose a joint design to optimize the power splitting (PS) ratio and the beamforming vectors. The proposed design aims to maximize energy efficiency (EE) of the system while guaranteeing the minimum required target rate of the cell-edge user and the successful decoding rate at the cell-center user. To make the problem tractable, we use Dinkelbachs method to address the fractional functions and the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique to deal with the rank constraint. Then, an iterative algorithm based on successive convex approximation (SCA) is proposed to finally solve the reformulated problem. In order to rich the application of the proposed power allocation algorithm, we extend the proposed strategy to an imperfect channel state information (CSI) mode. ${S}$ -Procedure is introduced to approximate the channel uncertainties. Numerical results reveal that our proposed iterative algorithms have a good convergence rate. In addition, the proposed strategy offers a significant increase in energy efficiency compared to the existing strategies, especially at the low power region.