Abstract
The existing housing stock plays a major role in meeting the energy efficiency targets set in EU member states such as the Netherlands. The non-profit housing sector in this country dominates the housing market as it represents 31% of the total housing stock. The focus of this paper is to examine the energy efficiency measures that are currently applied in this sector and their effects on the energy performance. The information necessary for the research is drawn from a monitoring system that contains data about the physical state and the energy performance of more than 1.5 million dwellings in the sector. The method followed is based on the statistical modeling and data analysis of physical properties regarding energy efficiency, general dwellings’ characteristics and energy performance of 757,614 households. The outcomes of this research provide insight in the energy efficiency measures applied to the existing residential stock. Most of the changes regard the heating and domestic hot water (DHW) systems, and the glazing. The rest of the building envelope elements are not improved at the same frequency. The results show that the goals for this sector will be hard to achieve if the same strategy for renovation is followed.
Highlights
The existing housing sector is already playing an important role towards achieving the energy efficiency targets in the European Union (EU) (SER, 2013; Ürge-Vorsatz, 2007)
A large part of this energy consumption comes from the residential sector, as dwellings consume 30% of the energy of the total building stock on average in the EU (Itard and Meijer, 2009)
In order to better understand the energy efficient solutions that lead to this development of the Energy Index (EI), the energy efficiency measures of the dwellings reported in 2010 and 2013 are presented
Summary
The existing housing sector is already playing an important role towards achieving the energy efficiency targets in the European Union (EU) (SER, 2013; Ürge-Vorsatz, 2007). The focus of this study is on the existing housing stock in Europe and the Netherlands. Worldwide, depending on the country, the amount of the total energy consumed by the residential sector varies between 16% and 50% (Mata et al, 2010b). Existing buildings account for approximately 40% of the energy consumption in the European Union and are responsible for 30% of the CO2 emissions (Kenemy, 2002). A large part of this energy consumption comes from the residential sector, as dwellings consume 30% of the energy of the total building stock on average in the EU (Itard and Meijer, 2009). In the Netherlands, based on 2009 data, households consume 425 PJ annually (CBS, 2012)
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