Energy Efficiency Maximization of Dynamic CoMP‐JT Algorithm in Dense Small Cell Networks

Abstract

We firstly formulate the energy efficiency (EE) maximization problem of joint user association and power allocation considering minimum data rate requirement of small cell users (SUEs) and maximum transmit power constraint of small cell base stations (SBSs), which is NP‐hard. Then, we propose a dynamic coordinated multipoint joint transmission (CoMP‐JT) algorithm to improve EE. In the first phase, SUEs are associated with the SBSs close to them to reduce the loss of power by the proposed user association algorithm, where the associated SBSs of each small cell user (SUE) form a dynamic CoMP‐JT set. In the second phase, through the methods of fractional programming and successive convex approximation, we transform the EE maximization subproblem of power allocation for SBSs into a convex problem that can be solved by proposed power allocation optimization algorithm. Moreover, we show that the proposed solution has a much lower computational complexity than that of the optimal solution obtained by exhaustive search. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed solution has a better performance.