Abstract

The rapid development of innovations in the industry 4.0 era led to new or evolved companies. At the same time, the accepted concept of carbon-free development requires building a new philosophy for the company’s management. The paper aims to analyse the key attributes of teal organisations (as a new type of a company) from the energy sector (as a core sector for carbon-free transformation). The paper summarises the core features of teal organisations and their attributes. In the paper, three hypotheses are tested: innovations and technologies are the most used attributes among teal organisations from the energy sector; organisational and corporate culture are the least used attributes among teal organisations from the energy sector; in the energy sector, the companies that have the attributes of teal organisations primarily work in countries with a high level of innovation and information technologies (as a core indicator of Industry 4.0) and economic development. For testing the hypotheses, the following methods are applied: a Friedman test, a paired-samples t-test, the principal components analysis, a correlation analysis, an ANOVA test (analysis of variance), and a regression analysis. The online survey generates the data for analysis. The object of the research is the workers from the energy sector companies from five countries (Poland, Ukraine, Georgia, Slovakia, and Romania). The findings of the statistical analysis confirm the first and second hypotheses. Companies in the energy sector mostly use innovations and technologies as the attributes of teal organisations. The regression analysis results show that an increase of 1% of patent applications leads to an increased energy efficiency of 1.29%. Additionally, the implemented features of teal organisations in the energy sector allow for improving the country’s energy efficiency, which, as a consequence, then boosts carbon-free development.

Highlights

  • Considering the Green Deal Policy, EU countries declared the ambitious goal to become climate-neutral by 2050 through reducing emissions by at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels [1]

  • This paper aims to analyse the key attributes of teal organisations from the energy sector

  • The company priorities in the investments in modern technologies (IT1 )—the value is in the interval from 3.95 to 4.81 depending on country; The members of the team have the ability to self-management (CC4 )—the value is in the interval from 3.30 to 4.05;

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Summary

Introduction

Considering the Green Deal Policy, EU countries declared the ambitious goal to become climate-neutral by 2050 through reducing emissions by at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels [1]. This requires changes and reforms in the energy sectors This necessitates building new philosophies of management at both the government and company levels. The tendencies noted above require reorientation of the management and organisation model considering the sustainable development principles, goals of the Green Deal Policy and using the achievements of Industry 4.0 (innovations, technologies, etc.). The paper has the following structure: a literature review—summarising the scientific background in the research on teal organisations in achieving the goals of climate-neutral and sustainable development; materials and methods—describing the methods to achieve the paper’s aims and to test the hypothesis highlighted; results—explanation of findings; discussion—a comparative analysis of the results obtained with the previous research; conclusion—summarising of the research findings and options of their implementation

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