Abstract
Small cells (SCs) offer a promising approach to meeting the exponentially growing data rate demands. However, dense deployment of SCs can degrade the energy-efficiency (EE) of the network due to the additional deployed base stations (BSs). Under heterogeneous network (HetNet) deployments, SCs can be dynamically switched off for energy saving when traffic load decreases. We do this by defining a load-dependent transmission power coefficient (TPC) for SC BSs. In addition, with Device-to-Device (D2D) communication, mobile users in proximity can establish a direct link and bypass the BSs, thereby offloading the network infrastructure and providing further improvement of EE. In this paper, the objective is to rely on both D2D communications and sleeping SC BSs to offload traffic from the mains powered macrocell BSs leading to energy saving in the network. Furthermore, in order to consider D2D requirements under the practical application scenarios, we assume a framework for wireless video sharing, where users can store popular video files and share files via D2D communication. To begin with, we derive the EE expression of the cache-enabled D2D-aided HetNet. Then, to maximize the EE of the cache-enabled D2D-aided HetNet, the optimal load-dependent TPC for SC BSs is obtained under constraints on both network's coverage and rate. Using simulations, we will investigate the potential effects of the TPC defined for SC BSs as well as the introduced D2D layer on the network EE.
Highlights
Cellular networks traditionally have focused on spectralefficiency (SE) or meeting certain quality-of-service (QoS) requirements rather than improving the energy-efficiency (EE) [1], [2]
In this paper, the objective is to rely on both D2D communications and small cells (SCs) with power control/adjustment strategy to offload traffic from the mains powered macrocell base stations (BSs) leading to energy saving in the network
In this paper, the objective is to rely on both D2D communications and SCs with power control/ adjustment strategy to offload traffic from the mains powered MBSs leading to energy saving in the network
Summary
Cellular networks traditionally have focused on spectralefficiency (SE) or meeting certain quality-of-service (QoS) requirements rather than improving the energy-efficiency (EE) [1], [2]. In [9], the authors propose an energy-efficient design of a two-tier HetNet through deploying an activity-aware sleeping strategy in cognitive MBSs and femto-BSs (FBSs) They use stochastic geometry to derive the coverage probability, total power consumption, and EE of the network with different sleeping strategies for the BSs. Instead of traditional sleep/wake-up (i.e., OFF/ON) mechanisms, several multilevel sleep modes are proposed in [10]–[13]. The main novelty of this work consists in using the combination of SCs with continuous power control/adjustment strategy and D2D communication in order to achieve green and energy-efficient HetNets This is done through a utility maximizing algorithm, i.e., via an EE maximization algorithm within the framework of a cache-enabled D2D-aided HetNet without compromising the QoS requirements. BS, i.e., the one that delivers the maximum average received power
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