Energy Distribution in Dowel-Type Joints in Timber Structures When Using Expansive Kits

Jose G Fueyo,Natividad Antón,Manuel Domínguez,Alberto Villarino,Jose A Cabezas

doi:10.3390/f12091200

Jose G Fueyo, Natividad Antón + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/f12091200

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Journal: Forests	Publication Date: Sep 3, 2021
Citations: 1	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidad de Salamanca, Catholic University of Ávila

Abstract

This paper provides a study of the mechanical energy distribution in dowel-type joints in timber structures when using expansive kits. The compression caused by the expansive kit increases the friction between the dowel and the timber’s hole, opposing the longitudinal sliding that occurs during the bending of the dowel. The ensuing rope effect increases the load capacity of the joint. The aim was to determine the advantages and disadvantages of using this kind of reinforcement. For this purpose, an ad hoc finite element model of the joint was prepared taking the contact between the different components of the joint into account and appropriately simulating the radial expansion of the dowel and the behavior of the timber. The model was checked for accuracy by comparing the results with those coming from a set of experimental tests. After that, the model was used to verify that the use of the expansive kit reinforcement leads to a slight improvement in the load capacity of the joint. This improvement is related to the frictional forces, whose effect is especially significant at low levels of joint displacement.

Highlights

Wood has been used as a construction material for thousands of years, until the twentieth century, when its importance in this field was eclipsed by the appearance and development of other materials such as steel and concrete
A finite element model was developed to simulate the mechanical behavior of doweltype joints in timber structures using an expansive kit
Using a subroutine ad hoc model, it was designed to properly simulate the contact between the dowel and the surfaces of the holes in the timber parts, the compression stresses provoked by the expansive kit and the three-dimensional anisotropic elastoplastic behavior of the wood

Summary

Introduction

Wood has been used as a construction material for thousands of years, until the twentieth century, when its importance in this field was eclipsed by the appearance and development of other materials such as steel and concrete. One of the most widely used wood-based products is structural laminated wood. This is formed by gluing several wood layers arranged in the direction of the grain [2]. According to the standards [4], the wood species suitable for the manufacture of structural laminated wood are Norway spruce (Picea abies) [5,6], silver fir (Abies alba) [7], Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) [8], Oregon pine (Pseudotsuga menziesii), black pine (Pinus nigra), European larch (Larix decidua), maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) [9], poplar (Populus robusta, Populus alba), radiata pine (Pinus radiata) [10], Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) [11], western red cedar (Thuja plicata) and yellow cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis)

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