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Abstract
In 2011–2013, research on the fertilizer value of slag from the incineration of municipal sewage sludge as an alternative source of phosphorus was carried out. The research scheme included 5 variants (in 4 repetitions) fertilization cultivated for grain with mineral fertilizers and ash. (P1, P2 and P3 – consecutive doses of phosphorus from ash) from municipal sewage sludge combustion: NK, NPK, NK+P1, NK+P2 and NK+P3. The obtained results indicate that the average of the three years of research, the value for the straw spring rape heat of combustion was 15.99 MJ/kg d.m., corn straw 16.20 MJ/kg d.m., triticale straw 17.06 MJ/kg d.m. and Miscanthus 17.34 MJ/kg d.m. The highest value of combustion heat for spring rape straw and miscanthus performed for objects fertilized with NK + P3 – 16.08 MJ/kg d.m. (Spring rape) and 17.57 MJ/kg d.m. (Miscanthus); For corn straw objects fertilized with nitrogen and potassium – 16.35 MJ/kg d.m. and triticale straw objects fertilized with NPK and NK + P2 – 17.10 MJ/kg d.m. Straw calorific value of tested plants was lower than the combustion heat by an average of 6.97% (triticale) to 7.38% (spring rape).
Highlights
In accordance with the National Waste Management Plan 2014 [1], by 2022, as part of the municipal sewage sludge management, the mass of sludge processed thermally will be increased and the use of nutrients from the sludge will be maximized
* Corresponding author: anna.izewska@zut.edu.pl plants of municipal sewage sludge operate in Poland and the need to increase thermal processing in the sludge management strategy will force the construction of subsequent incineration plants, especially in large urban areas [3]
Combustion of municipal sewage sludge generates a new kind of waste e.g. ashes and slag and produces gases polluted by dust, oxides of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, heavy metals and hydrocarbons [4]
Summary
In accordance with the National Waste Management Plan 2014 [1], by 2022, as part of the municipal sewage sludge management, the mass of sludge processed thermally will be increased and the use of nutrients from the sludge will be maximized. Wzorek [5] stated that in accordance with “the principles of sustainable development”, the search for alternative sources of phosphorus, and in particular, the possibility of its recovery and recycling of waste should be classified as priority issues of the phosphoric industry. She points out the most important actions, such as recovery of phosphorus from urban and industrial waste water, sewage sludge, poultry manure and from meat industry waste. In order to avoid phosphorus deficit, some researchers propose to release soil phosphorus reserves unavailable to plants or from waste with phosphorus content e.g. by means of using appropriate microorganisms causing solubilisation of phosphorus compounds [6,7,8]
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