Abstract
As indicated by experiments, the static and cyclic resistance characteristics of materials depend on the crack size. This dependence is most marked for physically short cracks (0.1-1.0 mm for high-strength structural steels). Examination of these crack sizes (and corresponding anomalies of cracking resistance characteristics) is of special interest. Until recently, the majority of investigators attributed this phenomenon to effect caused by the comparability of crack length with the dimensions of structural components in the zones of plastic strains. However, the latest investigations of the cyclic cracking resistance of structural materials revealed the so-called problem of {open_quotes}physically short cracks,{close_quotes} i.e., the existence of the dependence of the fracture characteristics on the dimensions of the cracks for which these effects were known to be eliminated. 8 refs.
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