Abstract
A problem to determine a production schedule which minimises the cost of energy used for manufacturing is studied. The scenario assumes that each production task has assigned constant power consumption, price of power from conventional electrical grid system is defined by time-of-use tariffs, and a component of free of charge renewable energy is available for the manufacturing system. The objective is to find the most cost-efficient production plan, subject to constraints involving predefined precedence relationships between the tasks and a bounded makespan. Two independent optimisation approaches have been developed, based on significantly different paradigms, namely mixed-integer linear programming and tabu search metaheuristic. Both of them have been verified and compared in extensive computational experiments. The tabu search-based approach has turned out to be generally more efficient in the sense of the obtained objective function values, but advantages of the use of linear programming have also been identified. The results confirm that it is possible to develop efficient computational methods to optimise energy cost under circumstances typical of manufacturing companies. The set of numerous benchmark instances and their solutions have been archived and it can be reused in further research.
Highlights
Energy cost-efficient manufacturing supports competitiveness and sustainability of contemporary industry
This subject is quite well known and studied for a few decades, but it is continuously extended by new research in which some specific manufacturing environments and conditions are considered [10,11,12,14,15,16,17,18] or new approaches are proposed, e.g., optimal production planning for continuous power-intensive processes [19] or scheduling of machine unavailability related to preventive maintenance [20]
The standard aspiration criterion is used in the implementation, which accepts a new candidate solution if it improves the current global minimum of the cost, even if it is forbidden by the tabu list
Summary
Energy cost-efficient manufacturing supports competitiveness and sustainability of contemporary industry. The second group includes problems related to manufacturing cost optimisation under time-of-use (TOU) price tariffs of EGS energy This subject is quite well known and studied for a few decades, but it is continuously extended by new research in which some specific manufacturing environments and conditions are considered [10,11,12,14,15,16,17,18] or new approaches are proposed, e.g., optimal production planning for continuous power-intensive processes [19] or scheduling of machine unavailability related to preventive maintenance [20]. The first gap is filled by formulation of a simple and legible, but comprehensive optimisation model of energy cost-efficient task positioning problem (ECETPP) which combines the fundamental data regarding correlated elements: a manufacturing system, EGS and RES (Figure 1). Conclusion and some remarks on future work are given in the last section
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