Abstract
Conversion technology is a solution that was born to solve energy problems and human needs. Without energy, all human activities ranging from households and jobs to the industry cannot work as they should, but energy conversion that uses conventional fuels will cause new issues such as climate changes. Therefore, energy conservation is very important for sustainability and energy saving. So, by reducing energy use, the pollution produced will decrease. This paper focuses on the introduction of energy conversion and conservation technology based on a qualitative literature review to deal with net-zero emission conditions. The conversion technology is environmentally friendly and efficient, and is committed to following the international Net Zero Emissions (NZE) agreement, renewable energy conversion technology and new technologies (fuel cells) to meet Indonesia's defense equipment and defense needs. Indonesia's energy use (2019) consists of oil 35%, coal 37.3%, gas 18.5%, hydropower 2.5%, geothermal 1.7%, biofuel 3%, and other renewables at nearly 2%. In 2013 Indonesia's recoverable shale resources obtained a value of 8 Billion Barrels. Because of that the total CO2 emissions resulting from energy use in Indonesia are 581 MtCO2 in 2019. Efforts to fulfil Indonesia's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) continue to be carried out, so that Indonesia's target is to enter a state of net-zero emission by 2060. Fuel cell technology has the potential to be applied in the Indonesian National Army, because of its relatively small size, light weight, zero-emission, high specific energy and zero-noise.
Highlights
The main challenges facing the world today are energy security, sustainability, pollution, and the impact of climate change
According to Onwuegbuzie and Weinbaum in Miles and Huberman [18], descriptive qualitative method is research that describes the state of the object being studied as it is, in accordance with the situation and conditions at the time the research was conducted suggesting that activities in qualitative data analysis are carried out continuously until complete so that data literacy has been repeated/already saturated
Further exploration is carried out based on theories that support arguments, statements and limited searches related to the theme of conversion technology and cleanenergy conservation
Summary
The main challenges facing the world today are energy security, sustainability, pollution, and the impact of climate change. The main focus of energy security in Indonesia today is the availability of energy evenly and comprehensively [1]. The choice was based on the fact that renewable energy is a technology that has been proven to be rapidly developing and has the potential to have a zero-carbon footprint [4]. These benefits are a very appropriate solution to overcome climate change, which is perhaps the most pressing challenge facing the global community, so that the awareness of every country holds an international meeting to discuss a simultaneous solution on an international scale [5]
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