Energy consumption behaviours of children in low-income communities: A case study of Khayelitsha, South Africa

Abstract

This paper investigates the energy consumption behaviour of primary school children in a low-income community in South Africa, an area of enquiry that has received little attention to date. The study uses a mixed-methods approach comprising a survey, energy diaries and a focus group. The paper provides insights into how children’s energy behaviours are shaped by geographical and contextual factors such as the socio-economic situation of the family and social practices, as well as accessibility of fuel sources and appliances in specific areas. The main behaviours performed by children are lighting, cooking, heating, charging of electronic devices, and the use of applications inside the home for entertainment and communication purposes. Although some of these behaviours are documented, we identified important differences with existing studies relating to cooking and heating behaviours: the children in this study used a range of modern and more traditional/transitional fuels shaped by household energy access and affordability. Furthermore, the children in this study demonstrated increased autonomy in using appliances and fuels and engaged in household tasks such as independent cooking and family care in comparison with existing studies. The paper concludes by identifying areas for future studies to ensure children’s energy needs and practices are better integrated into energy interventions, planning and decision-making, all factors key to shaping long-term sustainable energy futures.