Energy consumption and carbon emissions of hospitals in Tianjin

Abstract

An energy audit of 22 tertiary hospitals was conducted in Tianjin. The detailed content included design data, basic information, energy bills and equipment lists. It was shown that during the study, the energy intensity of hospitals in Tianjin was approximately stable and the average level of energy consumption was 348 kW·h/(m2·a). From the date collected, it was calculated that the energy intensity of general hospitals was 380 kW·h/(m2·a), and the average carbon emissions was 157 kgCO2/(m2·a); While the energy intensity of specialized hospitals was 309 kW·h/(m2·a), and the average carbon emissions was 131 kgCO2/(m2·a). By breaking the energy consumption down into several items, it was found that the heating system consumed the highest amount of energy (42.12%), followed by the cooling system (6.78%), the medical equipment (4.98%) and the lighting system (3.63%). The main factors that affect the hospital energy consumption were determined, and some feasible technology and management measures to save energy and reduce carbon emissions were proposed.