Energy Conservative Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the network of tiny sized sensor motes. Due to the limited size, sensor mote is limited in processing, memory and energy. The limitation of energy and memory in sensor mote create challenges for routing in WSN. Cluster based routing protocols in WSNs has recently increase interest for energy efficiency. A leader represents all sensor motes in the cluster called cluster head (CH) and collects sensed data from them. To balance the traffic load and the energy consumption in the network, the CH should be rotated among all motes. In this paper, we proposed energy conservative clustering protocol (ECCP), ECCP elects CH based on motes near to the sink distance and residual energy of the motes. In WSNs energy is mostly consumed for data transmission to sink. In this paper, the optimal sink distance is considered which decrease the length of path to sink. In addition, residual energy is also considered in the CH election in order to increase the network stability and lifetime. Furthermore, the reclustering of cluster head conserves the energy in data transmission to sink. The simulation results show that ECCP conserve more energy in data transmission compared to the well-known exiting clustering algorithms LEACH and TL-LEACH. ECCP also prolong the network stability period and lifetime than LEACH and TL-LEACH protocols.