Energy Conservation Through the Implementation of Cogeneration and Grid Interconnection

Abstract With increasing awareness of Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection, the Arab World is moving to further improve energy efficiency. The equivalent of over 2.6 MM bbl is being daily burnt to fuel the thermal power plants that represent 92% of the total Arab power generation. This adds up to close to one billion barrels annually. In this paper we will introduce two strategies with the objective to cut-off up to half of the current fuel consumption. Firstly, by improving the thermal efficiency. It is proven now, that cogeneration technology is able to bring the efficiency from the current average of less than 25% to up to 80%.As an example we will present the case of Saudi Arabia experience of implementing cogeneration, in particular within its hydrocarbon facilities and Desalination Plants. Secondly, by interconnecting the power networks of all adjacent Arab countries. At least 2 factors plead for this direction. On one hand, the 4-hour time zone difference from Eastern to Western Arab World makes it easy to exchange power during peak and low demand periods. On the other hand, this will help to reduce the reserve capacity and save on corresponding capital investment, fuel, and O&M expenses. Reaching the mentioned objectives is not only a major contribution to Energy Conservation, but also leads intrinsically to higher Environmental Protection.