Energy Conservation Through the Implementation of Cogeneration and Grid Interconnection

As a summary, we first introduced the cogeneration concept leading to improved energy utilization by burning less fuel and reducing unfriendly emissions. Then, we gave an overview of power generation statistics in the Arab World, underlining the fact that more that 92% of its generation is obtained by burning the equivalent of close to one billion barrels of crude oil annually with poor thermal efficiencies. As an example to improve this situation, we presented a case study involving Saudi Arabia and its leading role into cogeneration implementation. We covered its existing facilities that already make 24% of its total generation, and shed some light on the future plans. Finally, we introduced the power system interconnection between Arab countries as a must and basic contribution to reach the objectives regarding energy conservation and the tighter environmental regulation from national and international standards. A coordinated action can lower the reserve capacity to 12%, and save 11 billion dollars on capital cost, in addition to the fuel, operating and maintenance, and other expenses.

On the road to sustainable development, the concepts of energy saving and environmental protection are deeply rooted in people’s hearts, and their technology has penetrated into all aspects of life. Like the construction industry, with the advancement of environmental protection and energy-saving technologies, the prospects for development will also be huge. Many materials used in construction projects can cause pollution. Although environmental protection technology is supported, its technology cannot remain unchanged. Technical researchers must reduce the risks of materials and continue to innovate and develop environmentally friendly technologies. Only in this way can we continue to make progress, ensure that we have a high-quality construction project, and ensure that energy conservation is consistent with social development. Therefore, to use the qualified construction methods adopted for the renovation project, you can use what you have now and ensure its ecological and human safety. Reduce material costs and reduce environmental pollution caused by indoor raw materials. As a basic framework, it combines the definitions of modern environmental protection and energy-saving technologies, and effectively applies environmental protection and energy efficiency technologies. Decoration and decoration of energy-efficient buildings. Adopt environmental protection technology, rationally use various energy-saving and environmental-friendly materials, and raise awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection. In addition, in-depth discussion and analysis of energy-saving management of building materials and equipment are also conducted. The goal is to improve the awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection in building decoration projects and lay a solid foundation for creating an environmentally friendly and energy-saving living environment. Experimental research results show that people do not know enough about the application of environmental protection and energy-saving technologies in building decoration projects. Therefore, we must increase publicity to let people know better, and we must also increase efforts to innovate in order to better implement and apply. People and regions have better development.

Introduction. Protecting the environment and proactively adapting to climate change is not just a call but has become one of humanity's most urgent tasks. Building the consciousness of environmental protection for Vietnamese high school students, who shape the country’s future, is important to protect the environment and adapt to climate change effectively. It has theoretical and practical significance, contributing to Vietnam's well-being and happy development. Research methodology. The article uses the method of synthesis – analysis of secondary documents to systematize theoretical issues and explain the problems raised in building awareness of ecological environment protection for students. The comparison and contrast method provides a multi-dimensional perspective when analyzing and evaluating about building awareness of environmental protection for students in Vietnam and other countries around the world. In addition, this method also helps the author compare and discuss with other authors about building awareness of environmental protection for students in Vietnam today. The expert interview method is used to obtain in-depth analysis from the experts' perspectives on the problem of building awareness of ecological environmental protection for students in Vietnam. Sociological survey method: This method is used to survey and collect information through questionnaires to survey the current situation of the problem of building awareness of ecological environment protection for students born in Vietnam. At the same time, the article uses a scale: To evaluate the level of perception, in the questionnaires, the topic uses a 5-level Likert scale. Data were processed using SPSS statistical software. Results. Addressing issues about building the consciousness of environment protection for contemporary Vietnamese students: Firstly, the authorities at all levels are not fully aware of the importance of educating Vietnamese students about environmental protection. Secondly, the content, programs, and teaching methods of environmental education are often dense and lengthy, failing to meet the current requirements. Thirdly, training and fostering teachers in environmental education have not met the current requirements. Fourthly, there are still many inadequacies between theory and practice in educating Vietnamese students about environmental protection today. Practical significance. Building the consciousness of environmental protection among Vietnamese high school students is new, but important and urgent. Therefore, its implementation is not a simple matter and requires close coordination between school leaders, teachers, and all students. Especially, it must be carried out synchronously, regularly, and continuously. It is necessary to promote the initiative of Vietnamese high school students to raise awareness of environmental protection and preserving the green planet.

ABSTRACTEco-city is a solution to address environmental and economic development issues and a model for future city development. However, without understanding the key activities of the eco-city, its success and subsequent benefits cannot be guaranteed. The objective of this paper is to identify critical success factors (CSFs) of eco-city and analyse the inter-relationship among them. To achieve this, 19 CSFs were identified through literature review and interviews. A questionnaire-based survey is then conducted to obtain opinions from professionals. The population of this study is 372 with 108 completed and valid questionnaires received. ‘Clear definition and targets’, ‘conflicting interests among stakeholders’, ‘residents’ behaviour and awareness of environment protection and energy conservation’ and ‘management in operation stage of eco-city’ were identified to be the most important factors. The five underlying CSF groupings included ‘governance’, ‘competence and behaviour of stakeholders’, ‘knowledge and market support’, ‘plan of the city’ and ‘external environment.’ The results showed the ranking of the CSFs and five underlying groupings. The findings serve not only to assist stakeholders of the eco-city to gain a better understanding of a successful development, but also serve as a useful reference for managers when adopting strategies in future for the development of eco-city projects.

Energy Conservation through the Implementation of Co-Generation & Grid Interconnection

China is being plagued by a large-scaled lasting fog and haze, under which people have to work and live. Therefore, it matters to do what we can to minimize the adverse impact of the fog and haze on individual health on a daily basis. Relative literatures on the fog and haze have been searched and reviewed. Particular attention has been paid to the literatures on the adverse impact of the fog and haze on the people's health and on the ways minimizing this impact. Coming across the weather of fog and haze, appropriate measures taken can minimize its adverse impact on individuals on a daily basis. The measures included vitamin intake, water drinking, air cleaning indoors, stay-at-home, and mask wearing outdoors. These measures are simple and proven effective. Simple and effective measures seem to be sufficient to minimizing the adverse impact of the fog and haze on the individual's health on a daily basis. Lifestyle changes, awareness of environment protection, energy conservation, and new and clean energy use are ultimate ways to curb the air pollution and reduce the occurrence of the fog and haze.

Industry 4.0 is derived from the concept of German industry, and its essence is to use technology for efficient production. However, the evolution in wireless technologies has opened the door to a new class of plant automation architecture that offers adopters a significant strategic advantage. Under the historical background of advocating low-carbon production, energy conservation and environmental protection, and sustainable development in various fields, the awareness of ecological energy conservation and environmental protection has gradually become a mainstream ideology. This paper principally studies the application of energy conservation and environmental protection green decoration materials in public architectural engineering projects to show the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection green decoration materials in architectural decoration construction and analyzes the future development direction of public architectural decoration in China. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the public environment and develop new ways of housing renovation with sustainable development goals to create a sustainable Industry 4.0 combining environmental protection and sustainability.

Energy cost and conservation have garnered attention all around the world, and China has always strongly supported energy conservation through improving energy efficiency. As a result of rapid development, China is constructing its expressway and highway systems relatively quickly. However, highway engineering is considered as one of the highest energy consumption fields in terms of social total energy cost. As a result of this construction, it is clear that China could benefit from reduced energy costs and conservation improvement. Additionally, China still has much room for improvement in regards to its energy efficiency, especially in highway engineering. This paper summarized literature about highway energy costs and conservation. Topics of focus included pavement surface and base materials, construction machinery selection and working scheme, energy consumption in highway operation, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), and a selection of other countermeasures that could improve energy conservation. This section concluded with a summary of the achievements from some in-field conference research. Furthermore, this paper introduced a pilot study conducted in central China. The pilot study estimated the energy cost for both old and new plans with some popular energy conservation applications. Results showed that the applications would have some appreciable effects on energy saving. Those estimated results would be compared to the actual energy consumption amounts after the construction is finished and after the first year of operation. Finally, some recommendations were provided which were expected to help improve the general energy efficiency in the highway engineering field of China.

In the last few years, environmental problems have become one of the most significant issues in the world. In order to raise awareness of environmental protection, it is essential to educate children about protecting environment from an early age. This paper investigated and analyzed the environmental education status of 709 primary school teachers and 352 primary school students in Sichuan and Chongqing area. Statistical analysis, correlation analysis, machine learning modelling and multiple regression analysis were used to characterize the development of environmental education under various influencing factors. The results indicated that teachers' attitudes towards environmental education were positive and not affected by economic and regional differences. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between teachers' environmental education attitude and environmental education behavior. Students' awareness of environmental protection was also independent of economic and regional influences. From the multiple regression analysis, students' environmental protection knowledge promoted the awareness of environmental protection, and the awareness of environmental protection enhanced the autonomy of environmental education behavior.

With the development of science and technology, the increase of people’s awareness of green development, energy conservation and environmental protection has become an inevitable trend of future development. Blade electric vehicle (BEV) received widely attention for its small noise and high energy efficiency recently. However, the BEV brings a series of problems when bringing convenience to people’s lives. Among them, the electromagnetic radiation of BEV has received more attention. Aiming at this question, this paper analysis the electromagnetic radiation of several household electric appliance (HEA) and traffic tool based on national standard GB 8702-2014. In order to formulate protective measures, this paper compares electromagnetic radiation of BEV with the electromagnetic radiation of HEA and other traffic tools, which can lay the basis for developing related physical protection measures.

With the increasing awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection, high energy-consuming incandescent lamps have been largely withdrawn from the stage of mainland China’s lighting industry because the main raw material for electricity production-coal-produces mercury pollution when burned and energy-saving fluorescent lamps have made considerable progress. However, fluorescent lamps emit mercury, which still causes environmental pollution. In this work, the existing problems in the development of fluorescent lamps, and in the collection and treatment of spent fluorescent lamps were analyzed. The contributions of various external factors to the above problems were evaluated based on fuzzy theory. Finally, solutions to control the pollution of mercury from fluorescent lamps and spent fluorescent lamps were proposed. Results show that the biggest problem that causes mercury pollution is the first among three factors: energy conservation and mercury emission from fluorescent lamps and spent fluorescent lamps, spent fluorescent lamp collection and spent fluorescent lamp treatment. The best way to solve these problems is by developing an energy-saving and environment-friendly light emitting diode (LED) industry in mainland China.

In view of the increasingly strong awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection and the increasing status of building energy conservation, based on the LADRC control algorithm, combined with ZigBee wireless communication technology, M-Bus bus transmission technology and Web configuration software, a design of an energy-saving heating control system is proposed. The program realizes automatic room temperature adjustment, heat monitoring, data transmission and remote monitoring. This design uses ZigBee and M-Bus technology to transmit the data collected by the sensor to the control module, and then uses the LADRC control algorithm to calculate the control value of the valve, and then controls the valve to maintain the room temperature within the set temperature range, and transmit various data to the server for remote monitoring of heating automatic control. This design scheme can save energy, reduce pollution and improve the quality of life in the heating system, and can provide effective data to ensure the rationality and fairness of heating charges, and has good engineering significance and practical value.

With the development of the times and the deepening of environmental pollution, the government has begun to manage and developed energy conservation, and gradually established and improved related legal systems and safeguard systems. At the same time, human beings have begun to turn to protect the environment while feeling that the environment is at risk, and constantly improved their awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection. Therefore, in the process of rapid development of manpower, material resources, and technology, we must strengthen the development of green buildings and protect the environment. This paper discusses the coupling law of green building evaluation system, the development significance of green building and its design concept.

Although energy conservation and management has played a major role for improving the energy efficiency in developing countries. In India, industries are mainly focused on the energy conservation and management. Educational institutions/ private/ government hostels and hotels have not fully implemented the energy conservation and management (ECM) measures. This paper focuses on the energy conservation and management approach, without affecting the quality and quantity of electrical and thermal load in boy's hostel at The Gandhigram Rural Institute (GRI) - Deemed University. The GRI mess is separately provided with Electrical Service Connection from Tamilnadu Electricity Board (TNEB) and thermal energy needed for the cooking has been supplied by Wood feeding Boiler and LPG. Additionally, DG set has been provided in order to support at the time of power failure. The electrical load and thermal load of boiler cooking of mess can be optimally compensated through Cogeneration combined cycle method. By incorporating this method, Wood consumption for boiler will be avoided. In addition to this power consumption from TNEB is reduced. Economic study on replacing LPG gas cooking by Biogas is also done. This paper discuss about the economic savings after the implementation of Cogeneration. Additionally, the economic approach is extended for the additionally ECM approach in GRI mess (replacement of fluorescent tube lamps with LED tube lamps). This paper also discusses the economic effect of cogeneration by additionally ECM approach and overall economics and performance after and before implementing ECM activities.

The environment is of particular importance to the existence and development of human life, living things and the economic, cultural and social development of the country. Currently, our living environment is being seriously polluted, it comes from many causes, the main one is human consciousness. This study aims to determine the factors that affect students' awareness of environmental protection in Hanoi city, thereby improving the education of students' awareness of environmental protection. in general, students of universities in Hanoi city in particular. Through the model PLS-SEM, the analysis results show that there are 5 main groups of factors affecting the awareness of environmental protection of students in Hanoi, including: (1) Education, (2) Culture, (3) Media, (4) Public awareness, (5) Community rules.