Abstract
To improve the fuel consumption of a motor grader, a method for shifting the power curve of the grader engine is proposed. The working principle, calculation method, and design procedure of the novel method are depicted. Considering the nonlinear and time-varying uncertainty of the load of a motor grader, the fuzzy adaptive control is provided to shift the power curve. The shifting action is decided by the gears and the corresponding engine speed together with the displacements of both the hydraulic pump and motor. As a result, the power line adapts to the frequent changes in different external loads. A prototype motor grader is developed to test the above-mentioned energy conservation method in different working conditions. The results show that the fuel consumption of the prototype motor is reduced by 23%–34% and the skip ratio is decreased by 10% compared with the traditional grader with only one power curve. The proposed shifting power curve method can be widely applied to other heavy-load construction machinery also.
Highlights
With ever-increasing concerns on the energy diversification and environmental protection, the energy conservation technology has been widely used in automobile industry, such as a hybrid electric vehicle
Morton described a new function for electrical power–assisted steering systems applied for hybrid electric trucks, which can recover a maximum of 20% of the energy required to complete the steering maneuver
Aiming at the environmental protection and energy diversification, this article studies the features of the drive line of the static hydraulic grader and proposes an energy conservation strategy
Summary
With ever-increasing concerns on the energy diversification and environmental protection, the energy conservation technology has been widely used in automobile industry, such as a hybrid electric vehicle. Take advantages of the hydraulic transmission system of good controllability, continuous adjustment, and reasonably matching different parameters to meet the operating requirements of the graders to achieve the energy conservation target.[13,14] It can be seen from Figure 3 that the corresponding engine speeds on the lowest operating point under different powers differ from each other. It is well known that the grader maneuvering can be highly uncertain, so it is a highly nonlinear and complex dynamical process for the power line control.[21,22,23] Due to the randomness and mutability of the grader load, matching the engine’s working point along the best economical fuel consumption curve will result in the frequent change in the engine speed as well as the frequent adjustment of the hydraulic system, and do harm to the stability and operational efficiency of the grader. The skip ratio is low, and the fuel consumption ratio is low
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