Energy Conservation and Efficiency by Energy Efficient Motor in India

Abstract

Electricity demand in India is increasing at a rapid pace because of growth in Economy, urbanization, infrastructure development and the living standard of people. According to the United Nation’s world population prospects (2017), India’s population is 1.34 billion which will go grow further and surpass China by 2025[1]. According to the IMF, the Indian economy is expected to grow by 7.5% in FY19-20 and 7.7% in FY20-21[2]. Increased population and growth in GDP are associated with increased energy demand. India’s primary energy consumption was 754 Mtoe in 2017 and expected to reach 1928 Mtoe in 2040[3]. Major energy demand is from the Industrial sector which was 51% of total primary energy consumption in 2017 and expected to reach 990 Mtoe, by 2040 [3]. Rising energy demand and dependence on coal-based energy generation capacity, leading to the emission of Green House Gases (GHG). Most of India’s Greenhouse gas emissions are from energy sector having 68.7% contribution in overall greenhouse gas emission. Agriculture, Industrial process land-use change and forestry (LUCF), and waste, contributed 6.0%, 3.8% and 1.9% respectively in overall GHG emission in 2014. [4]. Reducing the GHG emission in India is a major challenge in front of the Government as the Government has to maintain sustainable growth with the contribution in mitigating the effect of climate change. Govt. has pledged to Paris Agreement for the reduction in emission intensity of GDP by 33-35% by 2030 below 2005 level [5]. In the reduction of GHG emission, energy efficiency’s contribution is estimated at approx. 51% [6]. The industrial sector can contribute most in reducing GHG emission and contributes to nationally determined contribution. Industry consumes 40%-45% of total energy consumption and motor-driven system consumes 70% [7] of total Industrial energy. Most of the energy in Industries are consumed to run the motor for various purposes and consumes a major chunk of energy which can be reduced to a significant level by replacing the standard motor with energy efficient motor. 90% of the motor in Indian industries are IE1 or below IE1 standard [8] and required replacement. By installing the energy efficient motor, the industry can save huge energy, cost and reduce CO2 emission. Observing the opportunity for energy saving by energy efficient motor, this paper aims to analyze how energy efficient motor is capable of reducing energy consumption, and how it can contribute to energy conservation. Methodology adopted in this paper is secondary research, that answers to questions like; why Industry need energy efficient motor, how energy efficient motor can save energy and increases efficiency, cost-benefit analysis of installing energy efficient motor, barriers to the installation of energy efficient motor and solution to those barriers in migration from the standard motor to energy efficient motor in India.