Abstract
A clarification and discussion of the energy changes experienced by cosmic rays in the interplanetary region is presented. It is shown that the mean time rate of change of momentum of cosmic rays reckoned for a fixed volume in a reference frame fixed in the solar system is 〈p〉 =pV·G/3 (p=momentum,V is the solar wind velocity andG=cosmic-ray density gradient). This result is obtained in three ways: (i) by a rearrangement and reinterpretation of the cosmic-ray continuity equation; (ii) by using a scattering analysis based on that of Gleeson and Axford (1967); (iii) by using a special scattering model in which cosmic-rays are trapped in ‘magnetic boxes’ moving with the solar wind.
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