Abstract
A permanent magnet immersed in magnetic fluid experiences magnetic levitation force which is of the buoyant type. This phenomenon commonly refers to self-levitation or second-order buoyancy. The stable levitation height of the permanent magnet can be attained by numerical evaluation of the force. Various authors have proposed different computational methods, but all of them rely on force formulation. This paper presents an alternative energy approach in the equilibrium height calculation, which was settled on the minimum energy principle. The problem, involving a cylindrical magnet suspended in a closed cylindrical container full of magnetic fluid, was considered in the study. The results accomplished by the proposed method were compared with those of the well-established surface integral method already verified by experiments. The difference in the results gained by both methods appears to be under 2.5%.
Highlights
Levitation in Magnetic Fluid.In recent years, many researchers working on problems involving magnetic fluid were focused on the self-levitation phenomenon, which occurs when a permanent magnet (PM)is suspended in magnetic fluid (MF)
Many researchers working on problems involving magnetic fluid were focused on the self-levitation phenomenon, which occurs when a permanent magnet (PM)
Based on the presented numerical models introduced in the previous section, the simulations were performed for each of the proposed concepts
Summary
This phenomenon was first reported by Rosensweig in 1966 [1,2]. A study of the forces acting on such a body has shown that, in addition to the Archimedes buoyancy, another type of buoyancy appears by virtue of the magnetic field. Such force is called a magnetic levitation force (MLF), known as second-order buoyancy. This new kind of buoyancy is not limited only to the vertical direction, but acts as the restoring force for any displacement of the PM from the stable levitating position
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