Abstract
Over the past ten years, tissue engineering has witnessed significant technological and scientific advancements. Progress in both stem cell science and additive manufacturing have established new horizons in research and are poised to bring improvements in healthcare closer to reality. However, more sophisticated indications such as the scale-up fabrication of biological structures (e.g., human tissues and organs) still require standardization. To that end, biocompatible electronics may be helpful in the biofabrication process. Here, we report the results of our systematic exploration to seek biocompatible/degradable functional electronic materials that could be used for electronic device fabrications. We investigated the electronic properties of various biomaterials in terms of energy diagrams, and the energy band gaps of such materials were obtained using optical absorption spectroscopy. The main component of an electronic device is manufactured with semiconductor materials (i.e., Eg between 1 to 2.5 eV). Most biomaterials showed an optical absorption edge greater than 2.5 eV. For example, fibrinogen, glycerol, and gelatin showed values of 3.54, 3.02, and 3.0 eV, respectively. Meanwhile, a few materials used in the tissue engineering field were found to be semiconductors, such as the phenol red in cell culture media (1.96 eV energy band gap). The data from this research may be used to fabricate biocompatible/degradable electronic devices for medical applications.
Highlights
Tissue engineering uses physical and biological sciences, as well as biomedical technology to enhance human life by providing human tissues and eventually organs [1,2]
A potentially productive approach would be to explore the electronic properties of biomaterials that are regularly used for cell culture, and tissue engineering; as their biocompatibility has already been defined
We previously demonstrated inkjet printing of a reactive species scavenger that is used for optoelectronics [29]
Summary
Tissue engineering uses physical and biological sciences, as well as biomedical technology to enhance human life by providing human tissues and eventually organs [1,2]. Organic materials such as poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and poly (3,4ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (styrenesulfonate) have been tested in the presence of different cells to assess their biocompatibility [26,27]. Many investigations concentrate on particular aspects of biocompatibility such as cell adhesion, owing to the fact that assessing electronic materials with different cell types may be time consuming and costly [26].
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