Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma B-cell malignancy that is characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, monoclonal (M) protein in blood or urine, and organ dysfunction. The incidence of multiple myeloma (MM) is more than twice as high among African Americans as among whites in the USA (DeSantis et al., CA Cancer J Clin 63:151–166, 2013), but the reasons for this are still not well understood (Benjamin et al., Cancer Metastasis Rev 22:87–93, 2003; Greenberg et al., Leukemia 26:609–614, 2012). Obesity—a risk factor for MM that is more prevalent in African Americans than in whites—has been hypothesized to contribute to racial disparities in this disease. This chapter reviews the evidence regarding energy balance, race, and MM.

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