Energy and entropy evaluation and two-phase simulation of nanoparticles within a solar unit with impose of new turbulator

Abstract

In current attempt, to augment the efficiency of unit, turbulators with different styles were scrutinized. For better describing the nanomaterial behavior, mixture model was employed and turbulent flow with use of k-ɛ model was examined. For verification purpose, comparison with experimental data was reported. With involve of holes, Sgen,th augments about 8.88% for lowest Re. Highest reduction of Sgen,th with rise of Re can be achieved for PBTT. Increment of pumping power leads to 3.17% decrement in temperature for TT case and highest changes occurs for PBTT. Maximum temperature of PBTT can be achieved in middle section. Involve of holes in BTT makes temperate grows about 0.46% in lowest Re. The concentration of nanomaterial is 0.05 in inlet and outlet while due to changes in velocity in test section the distribution of nanoparticles changes. For TT configuration, concentration reduces about 1.32% with augment of Re. Considering perforation in BTT case can augment the concentration about 5.33% when Re = 5000. BTT configuration has greatest velocity and its value is 1.62 times greater than that of TT for lowest Re. At middle cross section, highest velocity can be observed for BTT and PBTT while minimum values of velocity can be appeared for TT.