Abstract
The environmental and energy problems that have arisen in Turkey because of the dramatically increase in energy consumption require the implementation of energy efficiency and microgeneration measures in the building sector which is the main sector of primary energy consumption. Since Turkey is highly dependent on exported energy resources, the basic energy policy approach is based on providing the supply security. In this regard, supporting for in situ energy production, encouraging the use of renewable energy sources and the systems such as microgeneration systems in order to meet the energy requirements of buildings would be considered as a key measure for resolving the energy related challenges of Turkey and dealing with the sustainability issues. Turkey’s geographical location has several advantages for extensive use of most of the renewable energy sources such as especially solar energy. However, this huge solar energy potential is not being used sufficiently in residential building sector which is responsible for the great energy consumption of Turkey. Therefore, this paper aims to introduce a study which investigates, on a life cycle basis, the environmental and the economic sustainability of solar Photovoltaic (PV) microgenerators to promote the implementation of this system as an option for the renovation of existing residential buildings in Turkey. In this study, main parameters which were related to the distribution of modules to be installed in flat roofs and facades and the evaluation of the PV systems were taken into account. The effect of these parameters on energy generation of PV systems was analyzed in a case study considering different climate zones of Turkey; and the decrease in the existing energy consumption of the reference building was calculated.
Highlights
In recent years, as the climate changes have been noticeable, the issues related to energy, economy and environment should be considered as a whole
Economical and environmental aspects of PV systems concerning the renovation of existing residential buildings in temperate humid, temperate dry, hot humid, hot dry and cold climate zones of Turkey, the calculation procedure consists of the following steps:
In terms of a roof-mounted PV system, positive net present value (NPV) are achieved for all climate zones and discounted payback period (DPP) varies between 12.9 and 16.8 years
Summary
As the climate changes have been noticeable, the issues related to energy, economy and environment should be considered as a whole. In terms of minimizing the energy related environmental impacts and increasing the security of energy supply by reducing the dependence on imported-fuel supplies, the extensive use of renewable energy sources acquires significance In this respect, Turkey’s national vision within the framework of climate change is to become a country fully integrating climate change-related objectives into its development policies, extending the energy efficiency, increasing the use of clean and renewable energy resources, actively participating in the efforts for dealing with the climate change under its “special circumstances”, and providing citizens with a high quality of life and welfare with low-carbon intensity [1]. In terms of feed-in tariffs, the highest price incentives are specified for the sale of electrical energy generated from the production facilities basing on solar energy and biomass among the others Both the specified price incentive and having a high potential for solar energy due to its geographical position of Turkey, getting photovoltaic electricity competitive to harness solar energy is the best implementation of utilization of renewable energy resources in buildings. Due to the feature of grid connection to electricity utility, the use of grid connected PV systems can take precedence over the other microgeneration technologies in buildings
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