Energy analysis of Jordan's commercial sector

Abstract

This article presents some insight into energy consumption in the commercial and public service sector (CAPSS) in Jordan. In this sector, space- and water-heating is dependent particularly upon the combustion of fossil fuels. Which thereby contribute significantly to air pollution and the build-up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The results of a recent survey were used to evaluate the energy demand of the commercial and public service buildings. Diesel fuel, LPG and kerosene are mainly used for space heating, with diesel being the most popular fuel followed by LPG. Unvented combustion appliances, i.e. portable kerosene and LPG heaters, are still employed in this sector in order to provide space heating in unclassified hotels, some clinics and health centres as well as retail shops. These stoves, usually, produce high levels of combustion by-products that often exceed acceptable limits especially in a closed space. Consequently, the indoor air quality is degraded and may cause unnecessary exposure to toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. Electricity consumption is relatively high due to the excessive lighting and heavy use of air-conditioning and ventilation systems during the dry and hot summer. It is estimated that about 15% of the annual consumption in CAPSS can be reduced annually with little investment. Consequently the corresponding annual CO 2 emissions reduction is approximately 1%, i.e. 160×10 3 tons, of the present total greenhouse gas emissions in Jordan.