Abstract
The Knudsen effusion method in conjunction with mass spectrometric analysis has been used to determine the bond energies and appearance potentials of diatomic metals and small metallic clusters. The experimental bond energies are reported and interpreted in terms of various empirical models of bonding, such as the Pauling model of a polar single bond, the empirical valence bond model for certain multiply-bonded diatomics, the atomic cell model, and bond additivity concepts. The stability of positive ions of metal molecules is also discussed. Examples of the influence of recent experimental and theoretical results on the improvement of dissociation energies obtained from equilibrium measurements are given.
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