Abstract
BackgroundThe recent outbreak by SARS-CoV-2 has generated a chaos in global health and economy and claimed/infected a large number of lives. Closely resembling with SARS CoV, the present strain has manifested exceptionally higher degree of spreadability, virulence and stability possibly due to some unidentified mutations. The viral spike glycoprotein is very likely to interact with host Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmits its genetic materials and hijacks host machinery with extreme fidelity for self propagation. Few attempts have been made to develop a suitable vaccine or ACE2 blocker or virus-receptor inhibitor within this short period of time.MethodsHere, attempt was taken to develop some therapeutic and vaccination strategies with a comparison of spike glycoproteins among SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and the SARS-CoV-2. We verified their structure quality (SWISS-MODEL, Phyre2, and Pymol) topology (ProFunc), motifs (MEME Suite, GLAM2Scan), gene ontology based conserved domain (InterPro database) and screened several epitopes (SVMTrip) of SARS CoV-2 based on their energetics, IC50 and antigenicity with regard to their possible glycosylation and MHC/paratope binding (Vaxigen v2.0, HawkDock, ZDOCK Server) effects.ResultsWe screened here few pairs of spike protein epitopic regions and selected their energetic, Inhibitory Concentration50 (IC50), MHC II reactivity and found some of those to be very good target for vaccination. A possible role of glycosylation on epitopic region showed profound effects on epitopic recognition.ConclusionThe present work might be helpful for the urgent development of a suitable vaccination regimen against SARS CoV-2.
Highlights
The recent outbreak by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 has generated a chaos in global health and economy and claimed/infected a large number of lives
Any type of therapeutic strategies starting from the blocking of viral entry, inhibition of spike proteins association with host ACE-2, modulations of interfering kinase activity, inactivation of viral genome expression-packaging and vaccination against this virus is the demand of the present situation
It is assumed that frequent mutation results in anomalies in its surface/spike proteins [2, 3]
Summary
The recent outbreak by SARS-CoV-2 has generated a chaos in global health and economy and claimed/infected a large number of lives. Resembling with SARS CoV, the present strain has manifested exceptionally higher degree of spreadability, virulence and stability possibly due to some unidentified mutations. Any type of therapeutic strategies starting from the blocking of viral entry, inhibition of spike proteins association with host ACE-2 (angiotensin converting enzyme type 2), modulations of interfering kinase activity, inactivation of viral genome expression-packaging and vaccination against this virus is the demand of the present situation. Resembling the features of SARS CoV global outbreak (2003, https://www.who.int/csr/sars/en/), this virus unlikely manifested it’s extremely high grade of virulence, spreading capability and stability across the geographical barrier (or colder place, aged persons or specific genders; yet to be clarified) [4]
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