Energetically stable discretizations for charge transport and electrokinetic models

Abstract

A finite element discretization using a method of lines approached is proposed for approximately solving the Poisson–Nernst–Planck (PNP) equations. This discretization scheme enforces positivity of the computed solutions, corresponding to particle density functions, and a discrete energy estimate is established that takes the same form as the energy law for the continuous PNP system. This energy estimate is extended to finite element solutions to an electrokinetic model, which couples the PNP system with the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. Numerical experiments are conducted to validate convergence of the computed solution and verify the discrete energy estimate.