Abstract
Since copper azide (Cu(N3)2) has high electrostatic sensitivity and is difficult to be practically applied, silicon-based Cu(N3)2@carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite energetic films with higher electrostatic safety were fabricated, which can be compatible with micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS). First, a silicon-based porous alumina film was prepared by a modified two-step anodic oxidation method. Next, CNTs were grown in pores of the silicon-based porous alumina film by chemical vapor deposition. Then, copper nanoparticles were deposited in CNTs by electrochemical deposition and oxidized to Cu(N3)2 by gaseous hydrogen azide. The morphology and composition of the prepared silicon-based Cu(N3)2@CNTs energetic films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The electrostatic sensitivity of the composite energetic film was tested by the Bruceton method. The thermal decomposition kinetics of the composite energetic films were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that the exothermic peak of the silicon-based Cu(N3)2@CNTs composite energetic film is at the temperature of 210.95 °C, its electrostatic sensitivity is significantly less than that of Cu(N3)2 and its 50% ignition energy is about 4.0 mJ. The energetic film shows good electric explosion characteristics and is successfully ignited by laser.
Highlights
In recent years, micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS)-related technologies have been widely used to fabricate miniature safe systems and micro-initiators [1,2,3,4]
The currently used lead-based primary explosives can hardly meet the requirements of the micro-initiator for energy due to the miniaturization of the ignition device
Pyrotechnics, using copper azide as the initial charge can reduce the volume occupied by energetic charges while ensuring detonation performance, and is in line with the trend of miniaturization of modern pyrotechnics
Summary
Micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS)-related technologies have been widely used to fabricate miniature safe systems and micro-initiators [1,2,3,4]. The currently used lead-based primary explosives can hardly meet the requirements of the micro-initiator for energy due to the miniaturization of the ignition device. Copper azide (Cu(N3)2) is a promising alternative to lead-containing primary explosives. Compared with lead azide and lead styphnate, the reaction product of copper azide has little harm to the environment. It is a green and environmentally friendly primary explosive [13,14,15]. In MEMS pyrotechnics, using copper azide as the initial charge can reduce the volume occupied by energetic charges while ensuring detonation performance, and is in line with the trend of miniaturization of modern pyrotechnics. The high electrostatic sensitivity of copper azide restricts its practical application [18,19]
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