Abstract
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 238:301-306 (2002) - doi:10.3354/meps238301 Energetic cost of gonad development in Calanus finmarchicus and C. helgolandicus Catherine Rey-Rassat1,*, Xabier Irigoien2,**, Roger Harris2, François Carlotti3 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), Station Zoologique, ESA 7076, CNRS/INSU, BP 28, 06230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France 2Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom 3Laboratoire d¹Océanographie Biologique, CNRS, Université Bordeaux 1, UMR 5805, 2 rue du Professeur Jolyet, 33120 Arcachon, France *E-mail: catherinerey@aol.com **Present address: AZTI, Herrera Kaia portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia (Gipuzkoa), Spain ABSTRACT: The energetic cost of moulting and gonad maturation from Stage CV to adult has been estimated in the copepods Calanus helgolandicus and C. finmarchicus. For both species, this was done by following 2 laboratory-reared cohorts, one reared at a high food concentration (Cohort H) and the other at a comparatively lower food concentration (Cohort L). The 2 cohorts of each species were maintained at a constant temperature (15°C for C. helgolandicus and ~8°C for C. finmarchicus). The wax ester (WE) content was estimated in late CV and new moulted females, on the day when approximately 40 to 50% of the individuals of the cohort had moulted to adulthood. Copepodite Stage CV in Cohort H had accumulated much more WE than those in Cohort L (2.2 and 1.4 times more in the case of C. helgolandicus and C. finmarchicus, respectively). However, for both species, the amount of WE catabolized during the moulting of the CV stage from Cohort H is very similar to that of CV from Cohort L. In both cohorts, it is equivalent to ~20 µgC for C. helgolandicus and ~40 µgC for C. finmarchicus. Because of the difficulty of properly estimating the WE content at the end of CV, we consider that our values are underestimates, and a subsequent analysis, which considers the upper range of the WE content estimated at the end of CV, suggests values up to ~30 µgC for C. helgolandicus and ~70 µgC for C. finmarchicus. This WE catabolism is mainly due to gonad maturation, which occurred at this time, although part of it is also due to the loss of the exoskeleton and the energy required for the moulting process. We propose that the values obtained in this study can be used as a threshold to determine those animals that can descend for overwintering and those that have to remain at the surface, because the CVs with a WE storage below the threshold value will not be able to support the additional energetic costs linked to the overwintering strategy. Therefore, in the field, the percentage of copepods going into overwintering would be a consequence of the growth conditions. The WE threshold is likely to vary with temperature (with a lower value at higher temperature) since metabolism is more rapid at higher temperature. KEY WORDS: Calanus helgolandicus · Calanus finmarchicus · Lipid · Gonad · Overwintering Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 238. Online publication date: August 08, 2002 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2002 Inter-Research.
Highlights
The accumulation of stored lipids mostly during the last 3 copepodite stages is a common feature in most Calanus species (Kattner & Krause 1987)
The wax ester (WE) content was estimated in late CV and new moulted females, on the day when approximately 40 to 50% of the individuals of the cohort had moulted to adulthood
This WE catabolism is mainly due to gonad maturation, which occurred at this time, part of it is due to the loss of the exoskeleton and the energy required for the moulting process
Summary
The accumulation of stored lipids mostly during the last 3 copepodite stages is a common feature in most Calanus species (Kattner & Krause 1987). These lipids support overwintering in deep cold waters when food is scarce at the surface (Hirche 1996a,b) and they play a role as regulators of buoyancy (Visser & Jónasdóttir 1999). We attempt to provide a first measurement under laboratory conditions of the cost of gonad formation during moulting from CV into adult for the 2 dominant Calanus species in the North Atlantic
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