Abstract
A batch-type open cycle heat pump dryer has been numerically simulated to study the energy and exergy performances using various low-GWP refrigerants (R290, R600, R600a, R32, R152a, R1234yf, R1234ze(E)) as a substitute of R134a. Effects of air inlet conditions, drying time, and material moisture content on the coefficient of performance, moisture extraction rate, specific moisture extraction rate, specific energy consumption, drying efficiency, exergy destruction, and exergy efficiency have been discussed. Results show that moisture extraction rate is maximum for R32, specific moisture extraction rate is maximum for R1234ze(E), specific energy consumption is minimum for R152a, drying efficiency is maximum for R152a (average value is 29.74%), and total exergy destruction is minimum for R1234ze(E) for the same total energy input and air inlet velocity of 2 kW and 2 m/s, respectively. Specific moisture extraction rate increases with air inlet velocity. The present study reveals that R152a may be a potential substitute of R134a for heat pump dryer by considering performances as well as environmental and personal safeties.
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