Endurance of Renewable Polymer Composite to UV Irradiation

Nik Normunira Mat Hassan,Fatimah Mohamed Yusop,Anika Zafiah Mohd Rus,Razlin Abd Rashid,Nor Afzanizam Samiran,Bachik Abu Bakar,Noraini Marsi,Nurulsaidatulsyida Sulong

doi:10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14.27782

Nik Normunira Mat Hassan, Fatimah Mohamed Yusop + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14.27782

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Abstract

Polymer degradation occurs under the influence of sunlight and almost all polymer require stabilization to resist the adverse effect. The polymer degradation leads to discoloration when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. In this study the renewable polymer composite was produce by preparation of renewable monomer from waste vegetable oil, crosslink with polymethane polyphenyl isocyanate, distilled water and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as filler. The fabrication method of renewable polymer composite in which to produce RF and its composites (RFC) by manual casting method while for CR and CRC using hot compression moulding technique. The density, porosity and morphology structure of RF, RFC, CR and CRC were measured endurance to UV irradiation exposure for a period of 1000 hours by UV Whetherometer apparatus. The density of RF and RFC exhibit no significant changes after UV irradiation exposure while porosity shows decrease with increasing of percentage of TiO2 filler loading. The morphology structure measurement gives no significant changes of pore cell size of renewable polymer with the increased of filler loading and UV irradiation exposure by different fabrication technique. From observation, discoloration of RF and RFC is less dark as compared to CR and CRC. This is due to the different fabrication technique gives some effects for surface of renewable polymer due to application of heat during hot compression technique. The discoloration surface structure of RF, RFC, CR and CRC were changed from yellow to dark yellow colour after UV irradiation exposure. This is due to formation of quinone structure product produced from the photolysis of renewable polymer under UV irradiation exposure. Hence, TiO2 is used for UV absorber to delay discoloration on the surface of renewable polymer.Â

Highlights

IntroductionThe degradation of polymer is the breakdown of macromolecular owing to heat, oxygen, moisture, light, penetrating radiation, mechanical stresses, biological agents (by action of microorganisms) and other factors
The degradation of polymer is the breakdown of macromolecular owing to heat, oxygen, moisture, light, penetrating radiation, mechanical stresses, biological agents and other factors
This study intendant to contribute to the understanding of renewable polymer with TiO2 filler loading at different fabrication technique in demonstrating the photo stability upon UV irradiation exposure at 1000 hours

Summary

Introduction

The degradation of polymer is the breakdown of macromolecular owing to heat, oxygen, moisture, light, penetrating radiation, mechanical stresses, biological agents (by action of microorganisms) and other factors. The main visual signs of degradation are discoloration, loss of flexibility and crumbling which is due to influence of moisture, heat and light. Two common methods used for accelerated UV testing of polymer such as QUV Weatherometer and Xenon Arc Weatherometer. The advantages of QUV Weatherometer are good screening tool [3]. Xenon Arc Weatherometer is used to simulate the short-wave UV radiation down to 275 nm, which is the most harmful part of the UV spectrum of polymer. UV absorber were the first protection agents used for polymer. The protection mechanism of UV absorbers is to absorb harmful

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